Carburetor



J. GRAZIANO CARBURETOR July 30, 1935.

Filed March 12, 1954 2. Sheets-Sheet l Libf7h Graz b an/o I N V E NTO R ATTOR N EYs J. GRAZIANO Jul so, 1935.

GARBURETOR Filed March 12, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .Ioseph firazz'ano BY wyzmxrl ATTORNEYS Patented July 30, 1935 UNITED STATES CARBURETOR Joseph Graziano, Newburgh, N. Y., assignor of one one-hundredth to Joseph Guido and Donate Pinto, Emerson, N. J.

Application March 12,

2 Claims.

This invention relates to carburetors especially adapted for vaporizing low grades of fuel for use by internal combustion engines, and has for the primary object the provision of means for heating the fuel in the float chamber of the carburetor to readily convert the fuel into a vapor for in troduction into an air chamber for mixing with air prior to entering the intake manifold of an engine.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a heat chamber partially surrounding the float chamber and forming one wall of the air chamber so as to further heat the fuel vapor during the passing of the latter from the float 15 chamber to the air chamber and to heat the air in the air chamber so that the latter will r adily mix with the fuel vapor-without undue chilling of said fuel vapor.

With these and other objects in view this invention consists in certain novel features of con struction, combinationand arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

For a complete understanding of my invention, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a carburetor constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional View illustrating the same.

Figure 3 is a side elevation illustrating a combined heat unit and fuel jet employed in the construction of my carburetor.

Figure 4 is a side elevation illustrating one of l the heating elements.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view illustrating a modified form of my invention.

7 Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral I indicates an elongated body having arranged therein longitudinally extending heat and air chambers 2 and 3 and said chambersare separated from each other by a dome-shapedwall 4 reducing the area of the air chamber intermediatethe ends of the latter and integral with the.

1934, Serial No. times choke valve. fhe other end of the air chamber is closed by a removable plug 8. 1

Each end of the heat chamber 2 is fully opened ture that will effectively heat the air in the air chamber. The conne'ction'between the exhaust manifold and heat chamber 2 may be of any well known character. It is to be understood that the exhaust passes from the heat chamber to the atmosphere.

Cast integral with the bottom wall of the body i and extending into the heat chamber 2 is a substantially dome-shaped wall I9 forming a part of a float chamber I I, the lower portion of which is completed by a removable casting l2 detachably secured to the body by fasteners l3 and having a ground joint with the body, as shown at I4.

It will, therefore, be seen that the float chamber H is partially surrounded by the heat chamber 2 and the body is provided with an offset l5 of hollow formation and communicative with the float chamber to form a valve chamber [6 in which is located a valve I! opened and closed by a float l8 located in the float chamber. A suitable fitting I5 is carried by the offset l5 for connecting the valve to a fuel supply and also carried by the offset 55 is a self seating valve 25 adapted to admit air to the valve chamber [6 but which will prevent'fuel or vapor from escaping from said valve chamber; The float of annular formation and governs the height or amount of fuel within the float chamber.

An electrical heating unit 2! is arranged in the float chamber and extends through the float l8 and carries a fuel jet 22 which extends through the heatchamber 2' andtermina' es within the air chamber 3 in direct alignment with the venturi. The heating'element 2| may. be furnished with electrical current from any suitable source. The jet22 consists of a tubular portion 23, one 'end of which snugly fits within an opening in the wall 4 of the heat chamber and the other end is formed integrally with a body portion 24 provided with'a reduced screw threaded portion 25 which is threaded in an opening formed in the top of the dome-shaped wall It! locating the major portion of the body portion 24 within thefloat chamber. The body portion has a bore which communicates with the tubular portion 23 and opens. outwardly through the bottom Wall of the body portion in the form of an enlarged bore and a the body 24 and is insulated from the latter.

recess. Suitable insulation 26 is located in the recess and the enlarged portion of the bore of the body portion 24 to be engaged by the electrical heating element 2|. The body portion 24 is integral with a tubular sleeve portion 21 which has seating engagement with the walls of a recess formed in the casting I2 and the sleeve portion 21 adjacent its upper and lower ends is provided with ports 28. The lower ports 28 admit fuel from the fuel chamber to the interior of the tubular portion 21 for contact with the electrical heating element where said fuel will be vaporized and the said fuel passed from the interior of the sleeve portion 27 to the upper portion of the float chamber II.

The electrical heating element 2| consists of a closure plug 29 threaded in a screw threaded port in the casting l2 and has extending therethrough and insulated therefrom a terminal post 30. The post 30 has threaded thereto an electrical conductive tube 3|, the upper end of which terminates within the enlarged portion of thebore of The upper portion of the tube is screw threaded and has threaded, thereto a nut or bushing 32. An electrical heating coil 33, is embedded in a suitable insulation material 34 located within a sleeve 35, which is interposed between the body portion 24 of the jet 23 and the closure plug 29. One end of the heating coil has an electrical connection with the bushing or nut 32 while the opposite end is connected to the closure plug 29 for the purpose of forming a ground to the electrical circuit. The sleeve 35 is spaced from the sleeve portion 2'! and is provided with a port 36 which permits fuel to pass into the tube 3| by way of a port 37. The conductor tube 3| will be heated by the electrical coil 33 and the fuel entering said tube will readily vaporize and pass upwardly through the jet 22 to the air chamber by the suction from the engine. The fuel vapor in the upper portion of the float chamber is fed into the air chamber by tubular jets 38 located laterally of the venturi and upon opposite sides of the fuel jet 22.

The valve 20 acts to prevent forming of a partial vacuum in the float chamber under the suction of the engine and will consequently permit a flow of fuel readily to the conductor tube 3| for vaporization as well as to the interior of the sleeve portion 21 for a like purpose.

From the foregoing construction it will be apparent that the fuel besides being heated by the electrical unit 2| will also be'heated by the exhaust passing through the heat chamber consequently maintaining vaporized fuel at a desired temperature to assure quick and thorough mixing with the air in the air chamber. Also it will be noted that the air will be heated by the wall 6 of the air chamber thereby assuring rapid and efficient mixture with the vapors as they pass to the intake manifold by wayof the venturi.

Referring to my modified form of invention it consists primarily in a different arrangement of jets employing substantially the same construction in the body of the carburetor and an electrical heating element. A plug-like body 40 is mounted in the opening in the top wall of the float chamber and the lower portion thereof forms a sleeve-like element 4| which surrounds the electrical heating element in spaced relation thereto. The body-like plug 40 is provided with three passages 42, two of which communicate with the space between the sleeve-like element 4i and the electrical heating element, while the other passage communicates with the conductor tube 2|. Formed integrally with the body-like plug 40 are jets 43, three in number, two of which communicate with a pair of passages 42 while the other communicates with the passage of the body-like plug which has communication with the conductor tube. The jets 43 extend through an opening in the wall 4 of the body of the carburetor so that the discharge ends of the jets are located in alignment with the venturi of the carburetor and are integrally connected, as shown at 44.

It is preferable that the electrical heater be only employed for heating the fuel in the fuel chamber during the starting of the engine to which the carburetor is applied and after the heat chamber is thoroughly heated by the running of the engine, the use of the electrical heater may be discontinued. The heat passing through the heat chamber will thoroughly vaporize the fuel within the fuel chamber due to the location and construction of the fuel chamber with respect to the heat chamber.

Having described the invention, I claim:

1. A carburetor comprising a body having air,

heat and fuel chambers, said fuel chamber open- 0 ing outwardly through a wall of the body, a casting carried by the body for closing the fuel chamber, means for controlling the amount of fuel in the fuel chamber, a jet carried by a wall of the fuel chamber and extending through the heat chamber into the air chamber, a venturi in communication with the air chamber and in alignment with said jet, a body carried by the jet and located in the fuel chamber and including a tubular portion having upper and lower ports to admit fuel to the interior thereof and to permit vaporized fuel to pass therefrom into the upper portion of the fuel chamber, an electrical heating element carried by the casting and engaging the abutment and including a tubular element in communication with the jet, and a sleeve spaced from the tubular portion of the abutment and provided with a port communicating with the tube to admit fuel to the interior of the tube for vaporization so that the vapor thereof may pass to the jet, and jets communicative with the fuel chamber and with the air chamber laterally of the first-named jet and the venturi.

2. A carburetor comprising an elongated and horizontally arranged body having air, heat and fuel chambers, fuel regulating means for the fuel chamber, fuel heating means mounted in said fuel chamber, a venturi carried by said body and in communication with the air chamber inter mediate the ends of the latter, and jets connecting the fuel chamber to the air chamber adjacent the venturi, said fuel chamber projecting into the heat chamber and having the major portions of the jets lying within the heat chamber, said heat chamber having a wall thereof offset to increase the area of said heat chamber and projecting into the air chamber to restrict the area of the latter at the communication of the venturi with said air chamber.

' JOSEPH GRAZIANO. 

